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- Joey Levenson
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- 11 August 2022
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Graphic Design on Screen: Inside Once Upon a Time in Hollywood with Tina Charad
Tina Charad has been a graphic designer for film and television for over 20 years, working on all sorts from The Batman to Pirates of the Caribbean and Tomb Raider. Here, she exclusively reveals the process behind her craft, and how she recreated old Hollywood for Quentin Tarantino.
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When it comes to the film industry, there’s a fine line which delineates how and when graphic design is employed. The graphics most bombarded in our faces are usually for the promotion of the film: movie posters, trailer designs and promotional materials. On the other hand, there lies a more consistent, meticulous work of graphic design in and for a film itself. The fictional fizzy drink brand the protagonist is drinking from? Made by the film’s graphic designer. The newspaper a detective is reading to find out the day’s headlines? A film’s graphic design. The exterior to a hospital in a character’s hometown? Film graphic design. That one-of-a-kind print T-shirt that reveals all you need to know about their character? You guessed it – film graphic design.
At the top of this niche industry sits graphic designer Tina Charad, a Los Angeles-based South African by way of Britain. “I didn’t know my current career was possible back when I first started 20 years ago,” Tina tells me when we sit down to uncover her elusive field of work. Tina sharpened her teeth in graphic design in the early aughts, where she worked diligently for branding and advertising agencies in South Africa. “While I worked at those agencies, I always thought my skills leaned more towards the holistic overall look and feel of something as opposed to just selling it,” Tina explains. Then, when Tina met a casting agent who suggested she pivot her talents into film production and design, she wasted no time discovering this new terrain for creativity.
GalleryTina Charad: Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (Copyright © Tina Charad, 2019)
After a quick move to the UK, Tina connected with a cameraman friend – and the rest is history. “Graphic design in film was incredibly new back then,” Tina recalls. “I was shadowing a very successful production designer who I didn’t really know, but one day she realised what I was capable of and asked me to make a few things for the film she was working on.” With only elementary days of Photoshop available to use, she was learning from scratch. Tina’s credits are now expansive and impressive to say the least: from The Batman to Pirates of the Caribbean to Tomb Raider and a whole host of Disney projects, Tina knows what she’s talking about. Yet, it’s her recent work on Quentin Tarantino’s slice-of-life piece Once Upon a Time in Hollywood which has particularly marvelled us.
“It was quite hard to recreate storefronts for old Hollywood, as a lot of photographs of them weren’t even in colour. So we took some artistic liberty with Quentin [Tarantino].”
Tina Charad
GalleryTina Charad: Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (Copyright © Tina Charad, 2019)
The 2019 film is littered with parodic references and allusions to a very real and very specific time and place, of which Tina was responsible for. She approached the film as it is: a period piece. “On historical projects, I like to work with the researcher, especially on big budget features like this one,” she explains. After breaking down the sets needed, plus the props and all the small details in the script from Tarantino, Tina would get to work coming up with endless design concepts to fill the visuals of the film. Tarantino’s star-studded release was a more meticulous project than most, as Tarantino is a director known for his incredible attention to detail in the mise en scene. “We started with props and then went store-by-store in Hollywood looking to see what was there for inspiration for the film’s location shoots,” Tina says. “It was quite hard to recreate storefronts for old Hollywood, as a lot of photographs of them weren’t even in colour. So we took some artistic liberty with Quinten [Tarantino].” Additionally, the film is known for its abundance of fake – and incredibly convincing – movie posters featuring the cast playing actors in old Hollywood, as well as entirely made-up products, stores and studios they all engage with. “We tried to mimic that time and place of the 60s. But if I couldn’t find a reference, I’d go into the advertising of that time, mainly by browsing historical newspapers from California,” Tina explains on the process of world-building. “I treated every prop and storefront as if it was real, taking it back into a 60s style or maybe even 50s.”
GalleryTina Charad: Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (Copyright © Tina Charad, 2019)
“The fonts are actually an ephemera in so many ways.”
Tina Charad
This process for Tina went as such: receive a list of requested props, map out pre-existing things needed to be recreated, have a breakdown of every set in the movie and go from there. In Once Upon a Time in Hollywood, there’s more room to play and cross-collaborate with other crew members due to the sheer size and budget of the production. Whilst Tina is usually in charge of all graphic design of the film she’s brought on to work with, sometimes there can be studio interference such as with Sony on Once Upon a Time in Hollywood. “When I started, I was told that Sony was going to deliver a bunch of movie posters for the film with Leonardo DiCaprio in them and they never did,” Tina laughs. “So, me and the art department managed to get an incredible illustrator called Renato Casaro, who did all the original Spaghetti Western illustrations,” she adds. “That was really because of Tarantino’s request, he’s a nerd about these things.” As Leoncardo DiCaprio’s character plays a Spaghetti Western star, fake movie posters were key to maintaining Tarantino’s believability. “They were a lot of fun to make because they're slightly weird and kitsch; not quite Tiki, but they still had all those kinds of elements in the fonts.” It was “rewarding”, Tina says, to then see her movie posters celebrated by Tarantino and the cast, the former going as far to keep a few of Tina’s pieces after the film wrapped.
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Tina Charad: Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (Copyright © Tina Charad, 2019)
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Tina Charad: Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (Copyright © Tina Charad, 2019)
While creating these movie posters was “fun to not take so seriously”, Tina mostly remembers how she came up against the age-old roadblock of legal departments and font troubles in the film. “The most difficult thing about working in film today is licensing typefaces,” she quips. Once Upon a Time in Hollywood is the perfect example. “There was one fake poster where I used a font which I had bought for $50,” Tina explains. “Legal saw it in the trailer and came back to me and said I had to buy the commercial licence for the entire typeface.” It’s a classic dilemma Tina often comes up against, especially on big-budget features where legal departments do all they can to avoid overspending and encountering troubles down the line. “They told me it’s an integral part of the movie and I need a licence as if I was selling a product,” she adds. “But, the fonts are actually an ephemera in so many ways.” Tina usually buys the fonts, not the producer, as more often than not it will be Tina who prioritises the aesthetic value over a font instead of what’s “cheap or free” for producers. Tina, rightfully, didn’t want to pay more for the font she’d already legally bought. And, as is the nature of film, the unexpected often happens with the smallest of details; one font she cavalierly used for a fake advertisement in the film ended up becoming integral to the action, and she only paid a minimal amount for it without needing to extend the budget.
“On these big budget films you’ll be exposed to a lot of people trying to make money off it, especially with fonts,” she clarifies. “What people don't realise is that the only person who gets to choose whether we use something beautiful is me – the studios don’t care because they’re not creative by nature.” As such, the fonts we see in film are usually commissioned for their aesthetic value by the graphic designer, and have no relevance to the producer. “It does vary from studio to studio, though,” Tina says after a pause. “I’m working with Marvel right now and they’re actually pretty relaxed with clearances.”
“A lot of the window stuff that looks handwritten was actually done on the computer, but I’m glad to hear it appeared realistic.”
Tina Charad
Overall, Tina worked on Once Upon a Time in Hollywood for six months from start to end, and she notes that a lot of her work (as usual) didn’t even make the final edit. But, that’s just part of the parcel with the industry. “You can’t be precious about your work in this business,” she says. “I mean that in a good way, too.” Everything varies: whether it be working on a Tarantino film for six months, a television show for three, or an animated movie for two years; all of which Tina’s done. Along the way, there’s going to be many hands in the pot, as it’s an industry where you’re “constantly working with new and different people across many projects,” Tina explains. Still, she feels lucky to be at a place where she can “choose projects based on what stands out,” over what offers the most money at the time.
There is, however, a through-line in the different projects she takes on. “The lead designer of the film is always the spearhead: they will want to be on the project longer, they will have pitched to get the project and normally have some sort of idea or reference on how they want to approach the project,” Tina explains. “Then they find the graphic designer. Once you’re hired, you get the script and read it, maybe look at some reference boards they've pulled, and slowly start to absorb their language.”
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Tina Charad: Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (Copyright © Tina Charad, 2019)
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Tina Charad: Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (Copyright © Tina Charad, 2019)
“The only person who gets to choose whether we use something beautiful is me – the studios don’t care because they’re not creative by nature.”
Tina Charad
GalleryTina Charad: Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (Copyright © Tina Charad, 2019)
After so many years in the industry, few things are left which surprise Tina. That isn’t to say, however, that she’s stopped challenging herself. With the advent of new technology coming thick and fast, Tina is making sure to stay on top of it all. “In The Batman, we were working with a very heavy VR department with Oculus and Unreal softwares,” she tells me. “It’s intimidating, but I’m wanting to learn and that's probably the thing that keeps me on my toes the most.” It’s a far cry from the days when Tina first started out, when the graphic design industry was only just evolving off handcrafting and not taken as seriously as a career. I suggest to Tina that perhaps that’s why she resonated so much with Once Upon a Time in Hollywood, as it was her task to recreate graphics that would have actually been hand-made in the era she was replicating. “Yes, I definitely drew a lot of the type for the Western posters,” Tina concurs, gesturing to the traditional signwriters of the time. I tell her it looked artesanal and refer to the window signs of the store fronts Rick (Leonardo DiCaprio) and Sharon (Margot Robbie) visit. Then, in her usual humble demeanour, she becomes incredibly flattered. “A lot of the window stuff that looks handwritten was actually done on the computer, but I’m glad to hear it appeared realistic.”
Finally, as our conversation draws to a close, I ask her what was the favourite piece that she made in Once Upon a Time in Hollywood. “It didn’t make the final cut,” she laughs.
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Tina Charad: Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (Copyright © Tina Charad, 2019)
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About the Author
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Joey is a freelance design, arts and culture writer based in London. They were part of the It’s Nice That team as editorial assistant in 2021, after graduating from King’s College, London. Previously, Joey worked as a writer for numerous fashion and art publications, such as HERO Magazine, Dazed, and Candy Transversal.